Augmentation du syndrome du coeur brisé
De : https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2021/11/04/broken-heart-syndrome.aspx?
Le syndrome du cœur brisé est à la hausse
Analyse par le Dr Joseph Mercola - 04 novembre 2021
EN BREF
Le syndrome du cœur brisé est également appelé syndrome de Takotsubo (STT). Sous un stress émotionnel sévère, le ventricule gauche du cœur peut gonfler et déclencher ce qui ressemble à une crise cardiaque
Les données montrent que l'incidence du STT augmentait avant que COVID-19 ne commence à se propager, en particulier chez les femmes d'âge moyen et plus âgées
Les scientifiques soupçonnent depuis longtemps que le syndrome est associé à une connexion cerveau-cœur qui peut être déclenchée par un traumatisme émotionnel important, tel qu'un accident de voiture, la perte d'un être cher, la violence domestique et une perte financière.
Il est important d'apprendre à gérer le stress pour protéger votre santé globale. Envisagez les techniques de libération émotionnelle, la méditation, passer plus de temps dans la nature, respirer par le nez et une combinaison de vitamine B6 et de magnésium
Le Smidt Heart Institute a publié une étude dans le Journal of the American Heart Association (1) dans laquelle ils ont découvert que les cas de syndrome du cœur brisé augmentaient chez les femmes d'âge moyen et plus âgées, même avant la pandémie. Le syndrome du cœur brisé est plus qu'un mythe ou un conte de vieilles femmes. Le terme médical pour la maladie est la cardiomyopathie de Takotsubo (MTC) ou le syndrome de Takotsubo (TTS).
La maladie porte le nom d'un pot que les pêcheurs japonais utilisent pour piéger les poulpes.(2) Le diagnostic a été introduit pour la première fois en 1991 par un scientifique japonais.(3) Après la publication de l'article de 1991, les médecins ont découvert plusieurs autres cas au cours des 10 années suivantes, mais la maladie est restée largement méconnue en dehors de la culture orientale. En 2004, après le tremblement de terre au Japon, 16 personnes ont reçu un diagnostic de STT.
Cela a attiré l'attention des scientifiques occidentaux qui ont plus tard nommé la maladie le syndrome du cœur brisé en référence à ceux qui souffrent de la maladie après la mort d'un être cher. Après la propagation de COVID-19, la prévalence de la dépression, de l'anxiété et du stress et de la population en général a considérablement augmenté.(4)
Une revue systématique et une méta-analyse de cinq études portant sur 9 074 personnes ont révélé l'augmentation du nombre de troubles psychologiques ayant un impact sur la santé mentale pendant COVID-19.(5) Lors de l'enquête du US Census Bureau en décembre 2020, plus de 42% des Américains ont déclaré avoir des symptômes d'anxiété ou de dépression(6) ; à l'autre bout du monde en Nouvelle-Zélande, la dépression et l'anxiété ont dépassé les normes de la population.(7)
L'augmentation des niveaux de stress pendant la pandémie a également augmenté de manière précipitée la consommation d'opioïdes et de stimulants (8). en novembre 2019, et le CDC rapporte que les 12 mois se terminant en mars 2021, il y avait 96 779 décès dus à des surdoses de drogue.
Il s'agit d'une augmentation d'environ 37% des décès liés à des surdoses de drogue survenues en 2020 et 2021. La campagne de peur qui s'est produite en 2020 a entraîné un stress psychologique, économique et social important dans la vie des gens. Les données ont montré qu'en plus des problèmes de santé mentale et des surdoses de drogue en 2020, il y avait également une augmentation de l'incidence du STT, également connu sous le nom de cardiomyopathie de stress.(10)
La suite de cet article laissée en anglais peut être lue en traduction automatique en cliquant ci-après : https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=fr&sl=en&tl=fr&u=https://etouffoir.blogspot.com/2021/11/augmentation-du-syndrome-du-coeur-brise.html
Rising Number of Broken Heart Syndrome Before COVID
The rising number of diagnoses of broken heart syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic may have been expected. However, recent data show the numbers were on the rise in middle-aged and older women before COVID-19 began spreading across the world.11
The researchers examined the trends in diagnosis of TTS and found the incidence has changed across age groups and gender.12 They analyzed the trends in diagnosis from 2006 to 2017 in patients 18 years and older.
The data were gathered from the National Inpatient Sample database and included 135,463 documented cases. The researchers discovered that the annual incidence increased steadily across both sexes. However, women were diagnosed 88.3% of the time, especially those 50 years and older.
The increase in incidence among middle-aged men was also significant but did not carry over to older men. Interestingly, the proportion of men to women in the U.S. population at risk remained stable over the entire study period.
The researchers acknowledged the analysis was limited by dependence on the correct ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis coding in hospital records. However, they believe that the number of cases documented over nearly two decades demonstrates not only an increasing incidence but:13
"… a steep increase among especially middle-aged to older women. This overall trend was disproportionate to that seen in other subgroups and appears not completely explained by improvements in clinical recognition."
Before data from this study, scientists knew that women were more prone to TTS than men. This was the first time age- and gender-based differences were identified.14 Dr. Susan Cheng is the director of research at the Smidt Heart Institute and senior scientist on study. She commented in a press release:15
"Although the global COVID-19 pandemic has posed many challenges and stressors for women, our research suggests the increase in Takotsubo diagnoses was rising well before the public health outbreak. This study further validates the vital role the heart-brain connection plays in overall health, especially for women."
What Is Broken Heart Syndrome?
People who are experiencing broken heart syndrome describe sudden heart attack-like symptoms that include chest pain and difficulty breathing. However, while a myocardial infarction happens because blocked arteries close off oxygen supply to the heart muscle, TTS is something entirely different.16
In some cases, it can be misdiagnosed as heart attack since test results will show changes in rhythm and rising troponin levels consistent with a heart attack. But, unlike a myocardial infarction, other tests will not show blocked arteries. During TTS, the left ventricle will temporarily enlarge and does not pump enough blood. The remainder of the heart will function normally and may even contract more forcefully trying to make up for poor function in the left ventricle.
According to the American Heart Association,17 the syndrome can lead to severe, short-term heart failure. Most will make a full recovery within several weeks. However, there is no standard treatment.18 Instead, clinicians must depend on other symptoms, such as low blood pressure or pulmonary edema to determine treatment options. Although death is rare, continued heart failure may happen in about 20% of people.
Brain-Heart Connection May Drive Broken Heart Syndrome
Scientists have long suspected that TTS is associated with a brain-heart connection. One hypothesis suggests the connection between the sympathetic nervous system and how heart cells respond to stress hormones affect the ballooning of the left ventricle.19 Cheng explains the way the brain and nervous system responds to changes as women age.20 This may explain in part why TTS is more common in middle-aged and older women.
The emotional and physical triggers may be associated with psychiatric or neurological disorders.21 Typical neurological changes that are associated with a high risk for TTS include subarachnoid hemorrhages and seizure disorders. Brain alterations in the limbic system and reduced connectivity with the autonomic nervous system may also increase the risk.
Data also suggest that regions of the brain linked with emotional processing and control of heartbeat, breathing and digestion may not communicate in the same way in people without broken heart syndrome.22,23 Study author Christian Templin, professor of cardiology at University Hospital Zurich, said in a news release:24
"For the first time, we have identified a correlation between alterations to the functional activity of specific brain regions and TTS [takotsubo cardiomyopathy], which strongly supports the idea that the brain is involved in the underlying mechanism of TTS.
Emotional and physical stress are strongly associated with TTS, and it has been hypothesized that the overstimulation of the autonomic nervous system may lead to TTS events."
Events that have been known to trigger broken heart syndrome are:25,26
Car or other accident | Asthma attack |
Serious illness, surgery or medical procedure | Death or serious illness or injury to a loved one, including a pet |
Domestic violence | Financial loss |
Intense fear | Public speaking |
Sudden surprise | Job loss |
Consider These Stress Management Strategies
Scientists believe the link between broken heart syndrome and middle-aged and older women is the release of stress hormones that affect the heart cells during challenging events. Sometimes extreme stress is unavoidable, but managing daily stress is one way to protect your overall health from its ill effects.
In any case, if you experience chest pain after a stressful event it's a good idea to get medical help right away to rule out a heart attack or broken heart syndrome.
One way to reduce your risk for TTS and other stress related conditions is to help manage your stress levels and therefore your stress hormones. Here are several strategies that can help you take control of your health and reduce stress.
Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) — The process is also called tapping and it's a tool that can help free your mind to fully address challenges without fear.27 This is one of my favorite techniques to help reduce stress and increase creative problem-solving. |
Stop excessively watching bad news — COVID-19 is not the only bad news carried on mainstream media each day. While this strategy addresses your chronic stress levels, it can also have an impact on your resilience to an acute stress event. Your ability to adapt to situations, including adversity, trauma and tragedy, his part of resilience. Some research-based exercises28 that help to foster resilience are to change the narrative going on in your head, practice compassion for yourself, meditate and cultivate forgiveness for your own mental and physical health. |
Meditation — There is growing evidence that meditation can reduce age-related brain atrophy29 and improve productivity.30 There are two common styles of meditation. Mindfulness is a practice of keeping your attention in the present moment in all activities. Self-induced transcendence31 is a non-directed style of meditation in which you access a fourth state of consciousness that is different from waking, sleeping and dreaming. |
Spending more time in nature — One study32 published in Scientific Reports found that spending 120 minutes a week in nature was associated with better health and well-being. It didn't appear to matter how those 120 minutes were broken up during the week. The researchers in this study also didn't find that more was necessarily better. In other words, the positive association of spending time outdoors peaked between 200 and 300 minutes each week. After that, there was no further gain. |
Gardening — A meta-analysis of the literature,33 which included 22 case studies published after 2001, compared data from the U.S., Europe, Asia and the Middle East. The researchers found there was a wide range of health benefits to gardening which included a reduction in body mass index, depression and anxiety. The participants also reported better life satisfaction, quality of life and sense of community. |
Combination of magnesium and vitamin B6 — One study34 published in PLOS One discovered that when magnesium and vitamin B6 were taken together, there was a complementary effect that reduced stress. Past studies had shown the effect in animals. In this human study the researchers found the treated group reported a 44.9% reduction in perceived stress. |
Living near the ocean — Many people dream of living near the ocean and according to one study35 from the University of Exeter, England, it may be good for mental health. Using data from the Health Survey for England of 25,963 adults from 2008 to 2012, the researchers compared health to the respondent's proximity to the sea. They found even in those that lived from 1 kilometer to 5 km (0.6 to 3.1 miles) from the coast, there was a 25% lower risk of poor mental health compared to those that lived further away.36 |
Breathing through your nose — Breathing through your nose slows breathing and makes it more regular. This improves oxygenation. It also activates your parasympathetic nervous system, which is a calming effect and lowers your blood pressure. Mouth breathing tends to lead to over-breathing and failing to exhale fully. Although most people breathe between 12 and 14 breaths per minute,37 research published in the medical journal Breathe has suggested that an optimal respiratory infection rate is in the range of six to 10 breaths per minute. This has been shown to be beneficial to your respiratory, cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory and autonomic nervous systems.38 |
Sleep — Matthew Walker, Ph.D., is a professor at UC Berkeley and the author of "Why We Sleep." He says insomnia may be the result of an amplified fight-or-flight nervous system.39 Cortisol can play a role, so people who have trouble falling asleep typically have a spike in the stress hormone cortisol at bedtime and an overactive sympathetic nervous system. Wakefulness is also associated with mitochondrial stress. Without sufficient sleep, neuron degeneration sets in, which can lead to dementia.40,41 Sources and References
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