Pourquoi les gens sont-ils si obéissants ? Conformité et tyrannie

 De : https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2023/10/24/obedience-compliance-tyranny.aspx?

Traduction automatique ici : https://tinyurl.com/2s43v47u

Why Are People so Obedient? Compliance and Tyranny

Analysis by Dr. Joseph Mercola. 24/10/23

Story at-a-glance

  • Humans may be biologically wired to go with the flow and stick with the majority group, even if they don’t agree with its intentions
  • In the 1950s, psychologist Solomon Asch conducted a now-classic social psychology experiment showing the power of peer pressure and the desire to fit in
  • Governments, corporate giants and globalists are able to shape public opinion and behavior of the masses by “manufacturing illusions of consensus”
  • False beliefs about public majority opinions may drive people to censor their true opinions about an issue, furthering an altered perception of reality and conformity
  • Even minor displays of noncompliance can give others the courage to follow, triggering a ripple effect that can change society

Plans for a totalitarian future are dependent on obedience of the masses. Without compliance, criminal authoritarians cannot succeed in their plans to gain control over society and humanity. Given the choice, it seems clear that most people would choose freedom and autonomy. Yet, history shows a different reality, one in which an evil few succeeded in laying down a nefarious path and gaining supporters to walk down it.

So, why are people so obedient, even when following along parts ways with their morals and belief systems? Academy of Ideas, which aims to promote freedom by creating videos highlighting some of the world’s greatest thinkers, spells it out in the video above.1

In short, humans may be biologically wired to go with the flow and stick with the majority group, even if they don’t agree with its intentions. But there are ways that you can consciously opt out.

Asch Conformity Experiments Show Power of Peer Pressure

In the 1950s, psychologist Solomon Asch conducted a now-classic social psychology experiment on a group of college students.2 They were shown a card with a line on it, then shown a second card with multiple lines and asked to choose which line was the same length as that on the first card. Only one answer was clearly correct.

The students were placed into groups with actors who, on the third trial, all gave the same wrong answer to the test. In this case, the students tended to follow along with the group, even though their responses were obviously incorrect.3 According to Academy of Ideas:4

“Rather than state the obvious truth, the test subjects gave the same wrong answer as the group 37% of the time, and of the 123 test subjects who took part in this experiment, two-thirds went along with the group at least once.

Asch’s experiment confirms what philosophers have been reiterating for thousands of years: for most human beings conforming to what others say and do — no matter how objectively false or absurd — takes precedence over adapting to reality and discovering the truth.”

The video then quotes psychologist Todd Rose, prior faculty member at Harvard University and author of the book, “Collective Illusions,” which suggests, “The desire to fit in is one of the most powerful, least understood forces in a society.”5 He posits that humans’ desire to belong and connect socially is so strong that it drives our behaviors, even when they’re against our own best interests.

“Most of us would rather be fully in sync with the social norms of our respective groups than true to who we are,” according to Collective Illusions.6 Further, he says:7

“… We care about being in the numerical majority even when we don’t necessarily care about the group and even when the group opinion is merely an illusion. Acting on instinct, in social situations our brains don’t actually bother to make the distinction between appearance and reality …

Even in the absence of intentional pressure or incentives, we like to go along with what we think is the consensus because, quite simply, we’re biologically wired to do so.”

Milgram Experiment Showed the Power of an Order

The tendency to obey at any cost, even in the absence of an incentive to do so, was also illustrated in The Milgram experiment, which was conducted following the trial of Nazi Adolf Eichmann, who used the Nuremberg defense, or “befehl ist befehl,” which translates to “an order is an order.”

The Milgram experiment showed that people would act against their own judgment and harm another person to extreme lengths simply because they were told to do so.

The subjects first experienced a 45-volt shock themselves — so they would know what it felt like — then administered the shocks in increasing intervals. They were labeled from 15 to 450 volts — from slight shock all the way up to “extreme intensity shock,” “danger: severe shock,” and the strongest voltage, “XXX.” According to Gregorio Billikopf Encina with the University of California:8

“In response to the supposed jolts, the ‘learner’ (actor) would begin to grunt at 75 volts; complain at 120 volts; ask to be released at 150 volts; plead with increasing vigor, next; and let out agonized screams at 285 volts.

Eventually, in desperation, the learner was to yell loudly and complain of heart pain. At some point the actor would refuse to answer any more questions. Finally, at 330 volts the actor would be totally silent-that is, if any of the teacher participants got so far without rebelling first.”

Ultimately, 65% of the subjects continued through the study and administered the maximum voltage level, even though they knew it was wrong.

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Obedience Persists Due to False Assumptions

Governments, corporate giants and globalists are able to shape public opinion and behavior of the masses by “manufacturing illusions of consensus.” It’s psychological warfare, the type of which we saw play out in force during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Accusations of being “grandma killers” or “anti-vaxxers” toward people who chose not to get a COVID-19 jab or wear a mask are examples of the powerful rhetoric used to keep people complacent. According to the video:9

“They harness the power of the mainstream media and social media for the express purpose of making it seem as if the majority supports certain agendas, ideologies, and mandates. Slanted narratives, biased reports, rhetoric that appeals to emotion, misleading ‘fact checks,’ outright lies, dubious opinion polls, and social bots are some of the weapons used in this subtle form of psychological warfare.”

Rose is cofounder and president of Populace, a think tank investigating the widespread misconceptions people have about political and social consensus. “Name anything that truly matters to you, and I’ll wager that you are flat-out wrong about what the majority of people really think about at least half of them. And that’s being generous,” Rose says.10

These false beliefs aren’t innocuous, however, as they may drive people to censor their true opinions about an issue, furthering an altered perception of reality and conformity. According to Rose:11

“Collective illusions are social lies. They occur in situations where a majority of individuals in a group privately reject a particular opinion, but they go along with it because they (incorrectly) assume that most other people accept it. The result is a pernicious, self-fulfilling prophecy.

By making blind and ultimately false assumptions about the opinions of those around us and worrying that we are in the minority, we become more likely to perpetuate the very views we and others do not hold. Worse, because the very same people who disagree with the status quo are the ones enforcing it, it becomes all but impossible to dismantle the illusion.”

Parallel Reality: Humans Are Both Victims and Supporters

It was 1978 when Václav Havel, former president of Czechoslovakia, wrote, “The Power of the Powerless.” It describes the manager of a grocery store, greengrocer, who puts up a sign in his shop window that states, “Workers of the world, unite!” It’s a government-endorsed slogan in support of the communist regime, and it’s one that’s seen around the city.

Greengrocer hung up the sign not because he believed in its message or the government behind it, but because it was an expectation and something that everybody else was doing, too. The video explains:12

“The greengrocer did not believe in the message of the sign — to him it was nothing more than cliche propaganda. After decades of harsh political oppression, it was clear to him that the government’s alleged concern for the workers of the world was an ideological front to conceal their thirst for power.

Yet even though the greengrocer knew that the sign was propaganda, each morning he hung the sign anyways, because that’s what everyone else did. Government-endorsed signs hung in the window of every shop; they formed a part of what Vaclav Havel called ‘the panorama of everyday life,’ which helped to create, and sustain, the collective illusion that the majority supported the government.”

In this totalitarian system, Havel explains, citizens become both victims and supporters of the machine. Only by individuals breaking free of the cycle and speaking up for their true beliefs can the system be broken and, ultimately, fail.

One day, greengrocer decides he doesn’t want to display the slogan in his shop’s window, then stops sharing other government propaganda and starts to publicly express his opinions. His actions have a ripple effect around him. Rose writes:13

“… Surprisingly, with amazing speed, the greengrocer began to gain support for the simple reason that everyone else in the city felt exactly the same way he did. Tired of living under oppression, the tailor and the baker and the office worker followed his lead. The moment the greengrocer stopped cooperating, he sent a signal to everyone else that they could do likewise.”

One by one, noncollective actions weaken the authoritarian rule, ultimately gaining enough strength to bring it down. As Havel explained:14

“By breaking the rules of the game [of tyranny], the greengrocer disrupted the game … He exposed it as a mere game … He said that the emperor is naked. And because the emperor is in fact naked, something extremely dangerous happened: by his action, the greengrocer … enabled everyone to peer behind the curtain. He showed everyone that it is possible to live within the truth.”

A Butterfly Effect to Change Society

It’s essential that your Constitutional rights and civil liberties be safeguarded against unlawful government overreach. Yet many are willingly giving up freedoms that, once gone, may be difficult, if not impossible, to get back. One way to stop this from happening is to stand up for your beliefs, using civil disobedience to protect your freedom. According to the film:15

“As highly social beings, what we say and do influences the people we encounter, and even minor displays of noncompliance and nonconformity have the power to ripple outward and initiate a butterfly effect that changes society in dramatic ways.

Hence why [Soviet dissident] Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn stated that a single individual speaking the truth could bring down a tyranny, or as Henry Melvill observed, ‘Our lives are connected by a thousand invisible threads, and along these sympathetic fibers, our actions run as causes and return to us as results.’”

If the costs of speaking out or going against the grain are too severe due to the economic, social or physical repercussions that could result, Rose suggests sowing seeds of doubt, which can be enough to get the snowball rolling:16

“For example, you can say something like, ‘I haven’t made up my mind yet’ or ‘On the one hand, I can see the value of x, but on the other …’ You can also suggest other options by saying things like ‘I have a friend who …’ or ‘I read somewhere that …’

Doing this gives you plausible deniability while retaining your sense of control. It also offers an escape hatch for others who have been afraid to speak up. Often all it takes is a single spark of ambivalence or mixed opinion. Once you crack open the door, others can gain the courage to follow.”

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